In-circuit test (ICT) systems have been the leaders in using electrical means to look for structural defects in PCBs. They employ bed-of-nails fixtures to provide electrical access to as many as 7000 ...

What methods can be applied to verify PCB functionality and safety? Which are suitable for mass production and for prototypes? What parameters are checked in each test? How to check a PCB without ...

Test engineers have a variety of options for testing printed-circuit boards—ranging from in-circuit testers to the latest in embedded-instrument technology. Despite the decline of PCB physical access ...

Designing circuit boards for high speed applications requires special considerations. This you already know, but what exactly do you need to do differently from common board layout? Building on where ...

Working with a printed-circuit board (PCB) requires following stringent PCB quality control methods to ensure the component performs as desired and has the expected lifespan. One of the important ...

Printed circuit board testing has been around as long as printed circuit boards, also known as printed circuit assemblies and printed wiring boards. PCB technology started in the early 20th century ...